After the Solar System formed, it took no more than three million years for the proto-Earth to finish developing its chemical composition, according to a new study from the Institute of Geological Sciences At that stage, however, the young planet مزید پڑھیں
Researchers have successfully produced iron in Mars-like conditions, opening the door to metal production beyond Earth. The vision of establishing settlements on Mars has captured the imagination of billionaires, government space programs. Building such colonies requires vast amounts of material, and مزید پڑھیں
A new study of human deep space communications identifies the regions of space where signals from extraterrestrial intelligence are most likely to be detected. If an extraterrestrial civilization were trying to detect human signals, where and when would they be مزید پڑھیں
Weak magnetic fields once exposed humans to radiation. People adapted with shelter, clothing, and mineral protection. When we first got together, we wondered whether our unconventional project, linking space weather and human behavior, could actually bridge such a vast disciplinary مزید پڑھیں
About 4.5 billion years ago Jupiter expanded quickly into the giant planet we see today. Its immense gravity disturbed the paths of countless rocky and icy objects, known as planetesimals, which resembled present-day asteroids and comets. These disturbances led to مزید پڑھیں